High Level Linux Commands

Creating FTP User

cd /var/www/vhosts/ (Path of vhosts directory)

useradd newUser -d /var/www/vhosts/ -G apache  (newUser: Name of user to be added)

passwd newUser

Password: ****
ReType Password: ****

Giving Permissions to new FTP user

cd /var/www/vhosts/DirName  (Dirname: Directory name – Giving permissions to user ‘newUser’ for accessing particular directory)

chown newUser.apache * -R

Giving Permissions to new User on Particular domain
#chown userName:userName /var/www/vhosts/.com
#chmod 755 /var/www/vhosts/.com
#chown -R userName:userName ***.com/

Creating MySql database and User
Run below commands on database server.

MySql

mysql> show databases;
mysql> CREATE DATABASE DbName;  (DbName: Name of the database)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON DbName.* TO ‘DbUser’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘DbPassword’;

Create MySql user
#CREATE USER ‘USER’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘PASSWORD’;
#GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON * . * TO ‘USER’@’localhost’;

Backup of Database
#mysqldump -u DbUsername -p DatabaseName > dump.sql  (dump.sql: Backup file name)
After hitting Enter, you will be prompted for Database Password.

Exporting of Database

mysql -u DbUsername -p DatabaseName < dump.sql

After hitting Enter, you will be prompted for Database Password.

Creating SSH User
#adduser –home /var/www/vhosts/.com userName (.com: Domain name; userName: Name of the user)
#passwd userName
Password: ****
Re-type Password: ****

Make the directory writable for Apache

chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/directoryName/

Change the owner of a file

chown <owner> <file name>

Change the group of a file

chown :<group name> <file name>

Change both owner and the group

chown <owner>:<group name> <file name>

Change the owner/group of the files in a directory (recursively)

chown -R <owner>:<group name> <directory path>